| 英文摘要： |
Over the last two decades, various studies on Transient Hydraulic Tomography (THT) have shown that it is an effective approach to characterize subsurface heterogeneity. Typically, high-resolution hydraulic conductivity (K) distributions were recovered, while the spatial variability of specific storage (S-s) was found to be smooth. In some studies, S-s heterogeneity has been intentionally ignored due to the belief that S-s is less variable than K. Therefore, one may question the importance of considering S-s heterogeneity during THT and its impact on the reliability of estimated hydraulic parameters. To investigate these issues, three modeling approaches (i.e., effective parameters, geological, and geostatistics-based) were used to obtain K and S-s estimates of varying spatial resolutions. The reliability of K and S-s estimates were evaluated by comparing their drawdown prediction performances. The values of using different prior K and S-s information for THT analyses were investigated. Our results revealed that: (1) the K distribution estimated from the geostatistics-based steady-state HT analysis accurately predicted the late time drawdowns, while further improvements in transient drawdowns were obtained only after jointly treating the S-s field as heterogeneous; (2) S-s heterogeneity should be considered in addition to K for THT inversions, even when the estimated S-s field is smooth; and (3) using K and S-s estimates from the calibrated geological model as initial mean distributions for the geostatistical inversion approach were helpful in capturing both interlayer and intralayer heterogeneity of K and S-s. These findings suggested that S-s heterogeneity should be properly considered during the implementation of THT. |
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