| 摘 要： |
Perceptions and attitudes provide an important means of assessing the performance of conservation practices so that policies can be improved and developed for better biodiversity protection and the wellbeing of people subject to protected area management. Conservation easements (CEs) was introduced in the Chinese context to resolve the conflict between rural land use and areabased conservation measures. In this study, conservation attitude indices were developed and validated to measure attitude towards conservation easements that were placed in the collectively-owned forestland and its implementation institutional background, the Qianjiangyuan National Park pilot (QNP) in Zhejiang Province of China. Conservation easement Attitude Index (CEAI) and QNP Attitude Index (NPAI) were calculated based on a random sample of 241 respondents in three towns concerning their perceptions of specific statements. Demographic characteristics and livelihood capital factors were introduced to predict the attitudes to improve CE and QNP management in a more socially acceptable manner. Results revealed that basic infrastructure, land status, education and information were the main determinants of CEAI and QNP with differences in the three towns. There was a dichotomy of perceptions of the ecological meaning (public welfare) and the economic meaning (local livelihoods) and a mismatch of perceptions of the content and the procedure of the CE agreement. The perceptions and attitude index can assist conservation practitioners and decision-makers to improve CE to a more efficient conservation tool, by making it more context-specific for different communities considering the historical process of protected area development, to demonstrate the linkage between national park management and local livelihood, and promote proactive involvement of the village committee. |
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