| 摘 要： |
Spatial equity in healthcare access has long been a key objective of sustainable urban development. However, traditional equity frameworks, while valuable, often fail to fully capture the complexity of actual healthcare utilization, which can lead to the misidentification of service gaps. To overcome this limitation, this paper introduces a theoretical framework that integrates opportunities with actual utilization, making the assessment of spatial equity in healthcare access more reflective of real-world conditions. We apply this framework in Beijing, China, leveraging a comprehensive dataset of health-seeking trips derived from smart card and taxi trajectory records, and identify key factors influencing access through spatial regression models. Our analysis reveals patterns of spatial inequity in healthcare access that diverge significantly from those identified by conventional opportunity-based methods. These inequities are strongly linked to factors such as hospital proximity, socioeconomic status, demographic characteristics, and transportation access. Our findings highlight the critical importance of incorporating both healthcare opportunities and actual utilization into urban planning efforts to effectively address and mitigate health inequities. |
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