| 摘 要： |
Estimating global reservoir evaporation losses is essential for reservoir regulation, operation, and associated water resources management. Estimating globe-scale reservoir evaporation losses remains a gap due to limited accessibility of global long-term continuous reservoir geographic information. Two new datasets, the Global Reservoir Surface Area Dataset and the Global Reservoir and Dam Database, try to address inaccessibility and provide an opportunity to bridge the gap. Here, we used the two datasets to estimate the monthly reservoir evaporation volume of global 7242 large reservoirs from 1985 to 2016. Around 339.8 km(3) of water is estimated to evaporate from these large reservoirs annually during 1985-2016, and the loss amount is near ~& nbsp;73% of the municipal water withdrawal in 2010. From 1985 to 2016, the global reservoir evaporation volume increases significantly at a rate of ~& nbsp;2.0 km(3)/a, and 80% of the increment is contributed by middle-income countries. A surge in reservoir construction in middle-income countries after 1985 triggers the increment. The results can benefit the regulation and operation of reservoirs and realize their role in global water conservation and management. |
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